Sea-Water Ice
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
MODIS Sea Ice Thickness and Open Water-Sea Ice Charts over the Barents and Kara Seas for Development and Validation of Sea Ice Products from Microwave Sensor Data
We have developed algorithms and procedures for calculating daily sea ice thickness (SIT) and open water–sea ice (OWSI) charts, based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), ice surface temperature (IST) (night-time only), and reflectance (R) swath data, respectively. The resolution of the SIT chart is 1 km and that of the OWSI chart is 250 m. The charts are targeted to be...
متن کاملImproving Multiyear Sea Ice Concentration Estimates with Sea Ice Drift
Multiyear ice (MYI) concentration can be retrieved from passive or active microwave remote sensing observations. One of the algorithms that combines both observations is the Environmental Canada Ice Concentration Extractor (ECICE). However, factors such as ridging, snow wetness and metamorphism can cause significant changes in brightness temperature and backscatter, leading to misidentification...
متن کاملAssimilation of ice and water observations from SAR imagery to improve estimates of sea ice concentration
In this paper the assimilation of binary observations calculated from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of sea ice is investigated. Ice and water observations are obtained from a set of SAR images by thresholding ice and water probabilities calculated using a supervised maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). These ice and water observations are then assimilated in combination with ice concentr...
متن کاملArctic cyclone water vapor isotopes support past sea ice retreat recorded in Greenland ice
Rapid Arctic warming is associated with important water cycle changes: sea ice loss, increasing atmospheric humidity, permafrost thaw, and water-induced ecosystem changes. Understanding these complex modern processes is critical to interpreting past hydrologic changes preserved in paleoclimate records and predicting future Arctic changes. Cyclones are a prevalent Arctic feature and water vapor ...
متن کاملTransport of radionuclides by sea-ice and dense-water formed in western Kara Sea flaw leads
Ž 239,240 . A transport assessment of particle-bound and dissolved artificial radionuclides Cs and Pu by sea-ice and dense-water formed in western Kara Sea flaw leads close to the Novaya Zemlya dumping sites is presented in this study. We both performed a ‘‘best estimate’’ based on available data, and a ‘‘maximum assessment’’ relying on simulated constant 137 239,240 Ž . releases of 1 TBq Cs an...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1887
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.ns-10.239.120-b